The principles of the Bauhaus and the Art Deco style of architecture Essay

The standards of the Bauhaus and the Art Deco style of engineering - Essay Example In 1925, the world's generally prestigious and compelling craftsmen and draftsmen met in Paris, at the International Exhibit of Decorative Arts and Modern Industries. The planners accumulated to share thoughts on the development of craftsmanship structure. The engineers contributed in the architect’s present day understandings of built up plans. From this presentation, another style of craftsmanship came up. The engineer named the new workmanship as Style Modern. The name later changed to Art Deco Style. The style utilized the straightforward strong plan on material, for example, glass and plastic. Craftsmanship deco being decorative and enhancing utilized splendid hues. Workmanship deco style represented riches, excitement, and multifaceted nature. Workmanship Deco comprised of three fundamental sorts: crisscross, great present day and smooth out current. The style included regions of configuration like engineering and inside plan. It additionally wrapped visual expressions realistic expressions gems and film. The style drew impact from Egypt and Aztec types of engineering. The structures of workmanship deco style depend on numerical geometrical shapes. The styles use machine age and smooth out advances, for example, electric lighting. Style present day is described by the utilization of materials, for example, aluminum, hardened steel, and decorated wood. The attributes of deco style will incorporate; clean lines, particular geometric shapes, beautifying highlights and structures with wide-extending impacts. It joins direct balance, amazed or layered pyramid shapes and utilization of strange deco is an adaptable style and is effectively incorporated into a wide assortment of individual styles. The Bauhaus Gropius House in Lincoln, Massachusetts (picture word reference of present day engineering, picture 4) is a case of Bauhaus style. It is a national noteworthy milestone in New England. Gropius Walter planned and assembled the house in 1938 as his family home. Gropius being the originator of Bauhaus style joined the way of thinking of the style. The unassuming home is fundamentally white in shading. It has smooth exteriors that express effortlessness. The structure is cubic fit as a fiddle and the squares are made of glass. The gaze case driving upstairs is winding and noticeable from outside. The house is made of basic practical steel columns and the structure has a pergola rooftop. The scene encompassing the house is basic and mixes in well with its condition. The utilization of insignificant shading plan is utilized in the inside. The house has furniture planned by Marcel Breuer and created in the Bauhaus workshops (Panayiotis 24). The 77 story high rise Chrysler Buildi ng in New York presents an Art Deco building. It was finished in 1930 and planned by modeler William Van Allen. The structure shows a feeling of complex and style. The materials utilized in the development, for example, metal and tempered steel were costly. The Chrysler building shows unmistakable ornamentation. It is tall and vertical. The floor is marble and splendidly hued. The inside has sharp examples and the lighting is sublime and can utilize an assortment of hues relying upon event (Panayiotis 33). The two styles of engineering contrast one another. The Bauhaus style is basic. It connotes the utilization of locally accessible material. It is inviting financially. Craftsmanship deco is present day, utilizes advanced styles and is costly. It is a demonstration of style and thriving (Panayiotis 37). All in all, the two styles are received on account of the different highlights that they speak to. The highlights are appealing to each one of those that might be keen on one type o f design or the following.

Diversity Outline Essay

Proclamation: JP Morgan Chase bank is really a very much regarded worldwide money specialist organization having fiscal resources numbering in the trillions of dollars. They give great outcomes in 60 distinct nations and they are pushing ahead to develop. Human science †General Sociology Learning Team Assignment: Equal Rights Proposition Outline Select a current social issue identified with the privileges of ethnic or social gatherings. Examination the subject and existing activity plans intended to settle the issue. Build up a 1,050-to 1,500-word far reaching blueprint of your recommendation to advance equivalent rights. Make certain to incorporate the accompanying: The issues, difficulties, and openings experienced by this gathering in the work power How society has developed this group’s character The lawful system identifying with this issue Synopsis of existing or proposed arrangements of contrasting gatherings. Think about the U.S. Equivalent Employment Opportunity Commission, corporate human asset offices, state or administrative laws and guidelines, political systems, government offices, strict gatherings, and grass roots associations. Regardless of whether this issue exists in different nations, and provided that this is true, how it is dealt with by contrasting gatherings Your team’s bargain or option in contrast to existing arrangements Blueprint your suggestion in Microsoft Word. Incorporate in any event five scholastic references in your examination. Arrangement your framework predictable with APA rules. With regards to prevailing in school, there are numerous powerful factors. Truth be told, even your decision of seat can have any kind of effect. Attempt to score a seat close to the front of the auditorium instead of one right close to the exit. You are bound to remain drew in and can ask your profess†¦ For downloading all the more course instructional exercises visit †https://bitly.com/1xpzHSE With regards to prevailing in school, there are numerous powerful factors. Truth be told, even your decision of seat can have any kind of effect. Attempt to score a seat close to the front of the auditorium instead of one right close to the exit. You are bound to remain connected with and can ask your teacher inquiries without any problem. Humanism †General Sociology Learning Team Assignment: Equal Rights Proposition Outline Select a current social issue identified with the privileges of ethnic or social gatherings. Exploration the subject and existing activity plans intended to settle the issue. Build up a 1,050-to 1,500-word extensive blueprint of your recommendation to advance equivalent rights. Make certain to incorporate the accompanying: The issues, difficulties, and openings experienced by this gathering in the work power How society has built this group’s character The lawful system identifying with this issue Outline of existing or proposed arrangements of contrasting gatherings. Think about the U.S. Equivalent Employment Opportunity Commission, corporate human asset offices, state or administrative laws and guidelines, political systems, government offices, strict gatherings, and grass roots associations. Regardless of whether this issue exists in different nations, and provided that this is true, how it is taken care of by varying gatherings Your team’s bargain or option in contrast to existing arrangements Framework your suggestion in Microsoft Word. Incorporate in any event five scholastic references in your exploration. Organization your layout steady with APA rules.

Examine how Valvular heart valve disease has caused a major problem worldwide The WritePass Journal

Inspect how Valvular heart valve malady has caused a significant issue around the world Presentation: Look at how Valvular heart valve ailment has caused a significant issue around the world Introduction:Definition:Cellular sources:Biomaterials:Sterilization methods:Pre-clinical trials:Biomechanical culture:Commercialized products:Challenges:Conclusion:REFERENCES:Related Presentation: Valvular heart valve malady caused a significant issue around the world, bring about expanding pace of dismalness and mortality (Rashid et al., 2004). Every one of the four valves of heart can be influenced by brokenness (Mol et al., 2009). The regular arrangement is the substitution of unhealthy valves either mechanical or bioprostheses. Be that as it may, they are related with deficiency. Patients with mechanical valves are related with long haul of anticoagulation treatment which leads in higher danger of entanglements (Hjortnaes et al., 2009).  Bioprosthetic valves are less strong, empower to develop and fix and lead to calcification. In addition, they are related with reoperation particularly with youthful patients. None of these valves are competent to reestablish local valves functions.â To beat substitution deficiency of heart valve, in the mid of 1980s in the USA, tissue building idea was proposed as elective arrangement and has the ability to deliver autologous heart valves (Matsumura, 2003). Definition: Tissue building of heart valves is control of natural particles and cells to make new structures fit for metabolic movement. (Vesely, 2005). Approaches: Around the world, two fundamental methodologies have been utilized to accomplish the attractive and clinical needs of heart valves; recovery and repopulation (Vesely, 2005). In the main methodology, decellularized xenograft (ECM proteins; collagen or fibrin) or allograft filled in as valve organic framework, blended in with autologous cells (myofibroblast and endothelial) has been seeded in vitro (Mendelson and Schoen, 2006), (Neuenschwander, 2004). Be that as it may, impediments of this methodology are; the develop do not have the capacity to develop, long haul mechanical properties could adjust physical properties of the local valves and a chance of ailment transmission (Neuenschwander, 2004). In addition, incendiary response because of ECM proteins utilized may disintegrate the platform result in biomechanical harm (Mendelson and Schoen, 2006). A biodegradable engineered framework is the conventional methodology wherein cells of a particular phenotype are transplanted onto a bioresorbable platform looking like heart valves (Vesely, 2005).These biocompatible materials offer a few preferences; Due to corruption items, they have neither symptoms nor immunogenic reactions.â They are innocuous and simple to deal with. At the site of implantation, the staying autologous living structures after complete biodegradation of the frameworks can redesign, to adjust and to develop (Neuenschwander, 2004). The peril of the transmission of new contaminations and immunogenic responses is minor because of usage of autologous cells which lead to indistinguishable bioengineered tissues to have cells (Neuenschwander, 2004). Extracellular network material is framed by the cells after connection and the polymer platform corrupts (Fuchs et al., 2001). As appeared in (Shinoka et al., 1995) blended cell populace of endothelial cells and from ovine corridors were disconnected and isolated from one another by fluorescence-initiated cell arranging. An acetylated low-thickness lipoprotein marker was utilized to name endothelial cells. Myofibroblasts were seeded onto polyglycolic corrosive platforms which at that point seeded with endothelial cells. Before new tissues being recovered, the debasing platform can't endure weights of the left ventricle (Vesely, 2005). In this manner, the builds were embedded in sheep instead of the local right back pamphlet of the aspiratory valve.â This methodology brings about unimportant pneumonic disgorging in autografts however moderate in allografts and doesn’t show stenosis (Shinoka et al., 1995). Repopulation is the less mainstream approach. Complex structure (collagen) is created by controlling organic molecules.â Prior to embedding, wiping off the porcine aortic valve from cells is required, and leaving flawless the connective tissue network. At that point, the acellular network of the patients cells is repopulated, animated and along these lines bring about making a living tissue take after to the local tissue (Vesely, 2005). Cell sources: In tissue built valve applications, mesenchymal foundational microorganisms and separated tissue-explicit cells (counting circling endothelial forebear cells or smooth muscle cells) are the two fundamental sorts utilized. They are gathered from either patients or test creatures (Vesely, 2005). Undifferentiated organisms alongside the suitable lattice are relied upon to give a more extensive wellspring of either autologous or allogenic cell lines once separated to the best possible end point. In this manner, they are valuable for remedial use in the cardiovascular field (Vesely, 2005). Animals’ tissues, for example, canine and pigs are leading in an exploration with inconstancy in effective implantation.â Mesenchymal immature microorganisms for TE of ECM platforms have been gotten from canine tissues. Likewise, because of essence of type 1 and IV collagen and fibronectin, ECM from pig’s tissues demonstrated capacity to develop to a solitary layer (Rashid et al., 2004). In many methodologies, veins (saphenous vein) or fringe conduits (outspread supply route, mammary course) are effective wellsprings of cells. Blended vascular cell populaces offer ascent to myofibroblast and endothelial cells lines. myofibroplasts got from supply routes show diminished multiplication in monolayer culture and ECM development when developed on three dimensional structure contrasted with cells got from veins (Neuenschwander, 2004). Another promising elective wellspring of heart valves can be gotten from begetter cells got from fringe blood and bone marrow cells (mesenchymal immature microorganisms). MSC can be separated into various tissues, are anything but difficult to acquire, shows high multiplying limit in vitro and more quickly developing than vascular inferred cells. They produce all around created ECM after development under bio-mimetic conditions (Neuenschwander, 2004). Biomaterials: There are two head decisions of framework; normally or engineered polymeric platforms. Exogenous ECM platforms are required to offer mechanical help until the objective recently tissue is framed and get steady. Planning depends on the objective cells populace expected to embed at the injury or ailing destinations. In vivo, they are debased nearby the embedded practically tissues develop and arrange their framework structure (Kim et al., 2010). Non-harmful, biodegradable and biocompatible platforms fill in as a brief grid for the seeded cells due to their own an exceptionally permeable microstructure that flexibly supplements required for development and essential for squander evacuation. They have basic uprightness to withstand in vitro and in vivo stacking. The most generally utilized in HVE are polyglycolic corrosive (PGA), polylactic corrosive (PLA) and their copolymers (PGLA). PGA is exceptionally resorbable, direct, a profoundly crystalline and have a high softening point. PLA decrease the pace of hydrolysis and have constrained water take-up. In the entirety of that, to encourage tissue development, development factors are incorporated in the framework. Be that as it may, various disservices must be survived; slow or fragmented debasement that cause irritation, restricted supplements and oxygen conveyance to profound cells and fibrosis (scar) consumed the space framed after framework corruption (Mendelson and Schoen, 2006). Regular platform made out of decellularized xenograft or allograft tissue or ECM segments, for example, collagen or fibrin (Mendelson and Schoen, 2006). Fibrin gel framework can be planned into a valve structure to shape a biodegradable, autologous scaffold.â Blood is the wellspring of fibrin gel and form into autologous way to neutralize immunogenicity. Seeding cells into fibrin framework brings about great tissue improvement with suitable fibroblast. Be that as it may, fibrin framework would need mechanical quality (Knight, 2004). Moreover, in a procedure like the compression of an injury recuperating, cells captured in collagen gels conservative the gel, improve their property and increment thickness (Mendelson and Schoen, 2006). Be that as it may, any framework produced using collagen alone might want to decline rapidly due to in vivo powers influenced heart valves (Knight, 2004). In addition, hyaluronan is a glycosaminoglycan polymer with a rehashing disaccharide structure and being utilized as biocompatible material ECM framework. It grants viscoelastic properties and applies pressure that gives tissues compressive opposition (Vesely, 2005). Cleansing strategies: A few strategies are utilized to sterile materials used in procedure of seeding and tissue reaping. 1) Dry warmth sanitization in which things are set in a stove for one hour at 160T to be cleaned by dry warmth. 2) Moist warmth sanitization is utilized to autoclave articles and arrangements not reasonable for dry warmth disinfection for 20 minutes at 121 T, 15 pounds for each square inch (psi). 3) 0.2ptm channels are utilized to clean arrangements not reasonable for autoclaving (Knight, 2004). Pre-clinical preliminaries: Creature model is a basic piece of biomedical research to support tissue designed gadgets by FDA so as to carry on clinical preliminaries. Utilizing creature tissues as sources depends on numerous components; cost, moral contemplations, accessibility and the idea of the tried tissue. In Zilla study (Zilla et al., 1994), monkeys were utilized to examine the expansion of seeding (endothelial cells) EC on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) unites. Contrasted with the control of unseeded join, seeded unite demonstrated relentless blended EC layer through time with the guide of fibrin stick advanced with RGD (Zilla et al., 1994). Because of comparable life structures and physiology

Spark Plug essays

Sparkle Plug papers I am doing a report on sparkle plugs. Flash attachments have become a major part in life today. With out them we most likely would not be the place we are today. The sparkle plug was developed at an early stage by a French resident conceived in Luxemburg. He was named Etienne Lenoir. In 1860 he fabricated a motor which utilized an electric sparkle start framework. As of now in history numerous designers and individuals were sick of the large and cumbersome steam motor and needed something new. Etienne Lenoir fixed that by making one of the main inside burning motors. In such an easily overlooked detail there is a great deal of data to be secured. For example there are even various types of flash attachments, similar to a hot or cold fitting, which one do you use? This paper should assist you with knowing the contrast between them. The fundamental occupation of a flash module hypothesis is it powers power over a hole simply with insane speed. Accordingly the voltage must be high, it could be somewhere in the range of forty thousand volts to one-hundred thousand volts. The sparkle plug should likewise have a protected path for this high voltage to venture out down to the terminal. From that point it can hop the hole (see picture An.) and be led into the motor square and be grounded. At the point when it bounces the hole there is a flash that lights the fuel. On the off chance that the hole is too enormous or little it won't flash appropriately. Thusly it is significant that the hole is set accurately. The attachment additionally needs to withstand an outrageous measure of warmth and weight inside the chamber. It must be planned such that stores from fuel added substances don't develop on the attachment. The anode is the pole going down the center of the sparkle plug (appeared in picture A). Another part in the flash attachment is connector, which clearly associates with the fitting wire. The attachment wire conveys the power from the start framework. Another part that assumes a major job is the earthenware embed. It secludes the high voltage at the anode an ... <!

Language and Cultures

Industrialization 2 - Coursework Example These procedures included shaping a customer base and utilizing mark names, brands, and guarantees. Fourth, new businesses of the late 1800s additionally caused social and environmental costs and delighted in similarly benefits. These elements of industry involved laborsaving hardware with laborers helpless against substantial mischief and contamination. Instances of new advances that prompted the development of enterprises are hardware that made steel more grounded and railroads. Two innovations in association created by companies are cutting back and vertical consolidation and an enormous staff. The gadget of cutting back and vertical consolidation generally applied to oil organizations that made arrangements with railroad organizations for transportation benefits. This gadget helped in freeing the opposition. The gadget of a huge staff or the â€Å"pull factor,† included the relocation of settlers, for the most part southern African Americans, with plants. Three different ways the legislature assumed a job in the ascent of enormous business are supporting partnerships by offering government powers to restore request, making court decisions for huge organizations, and side with huge organizations against laborer associations. New advancements were the primary contrast between enterprises of the late nineteenth century and those of the pre-common war period, hierarchical gadgets characterized the activity and creation of large organizations during the 1800s, and the legislature assumed significant jobs in the accomplishment of extraordinary organizations during the nineteenth

Writing a Thesis Proposal

Writing a Thesis ProposalIf you are writing a thesis proposal for a dissertation defense, it is crucial that you have a clear idea of what the project entails and how you can be certain that you do not overlook something important in the process. A bit of general information will go a long way in preparing yourself to write your thesis.Writing a thesis requires writing an academic paper that is academically sound and well written. Even if you think that your writing is stellar, you may still find yourself having to revise the outline and provide more details as you progress in the writing of the thesis. This is why it is very important to have all of the necessary writing supplies and materials handy at all times when you are beginning to write. This includes a typewriter, a dictionary, a calculator, a pencil, and a monitor to record your notes and work.Using a dictionary can help you a great deal when you are attempting to write a thesis proposal. There are many definitions for term s that are used throughout the paper. A dictionary will enable you to know the difference between the term and the terms used to describe the term. It can also help you with common academic terms such as 'analysis'meaning.'Having the necessary equipment when you are starting to write your thesis is important, especially if you are going to be employing a good research assistant. You will want to be able to carry out the writing on your own as well as providing a guide for others who are going to be assisting you. You will be helping other students who need help and can take advantage of the expertise that you have been taught throughout your degree program.When writing a thesis, you will be required to solve mathematical equations, which can become a challenge for someone who has not worked with algebra or calculus. You will be providing a guide for others who are going to use your paper as a reference, as well as giving your students the tools to be able to solve their own problems .Writing a thesis proposal is not as easy as it sounds. You will need to find time to work on the project every single day to make sure that you do not lose any of the information or material. You will also need to make sure that you carefully compose your proposal in order to allow your professor to review your paper.Thesis proposals are required by every major university in the United States of America. They require the writing of an academic paper, which can be as short as one page. With so many people working in the industry, there is a demand for thesis proposals, and they are fairly simple documents.If you are writing a thesis proposal for a dissertation defense, you need to prepare yourself and have all of the supplies to hand. It is highly unlikely that the professor that you will be writing for will let you get away without providing you with the writing resources you need to prepare yourself for the task.

Using Head, Heart Gut for GMAT and GRE Success [Part 1]

Here’s what I believe: Tests not only measure what you know, they also measure how well you take tests. It’s extremely rare that someone waltzes into a GRE or GMAT center without preparation and aces their test. Even a lot of test preparation won’t always help if you don’t employ a multi-intelligence approach to your study and test-taking strategies. Tests judge you beyond academic know-how, and reward or penalize you based on how adept you are in using other forms of intelligence such as your heart and gut intelligence. When all three types of intelligence are honed and used appropriately, they can upgrade your performance and increase your score. In this post I introduce how to think about these intelligence modes as well as some techniques to master them so you can approach the test in a focused and confident manner. Here are the three forms of intelligence: â€Å"Head Intelligence† involves mastering material and recalling it correctly. â€Å"Heart Intelligence† is dedicating time, focus and endurance to complete the test. â€Å"Gut intelligence† involves answering questions in a conscious manner. You need to be fully engaged with each question, and not distracted by other things happening around you or in your mind. While these tests are highly coachable, most people focus on â€Å"head† intelligence and neglect â€Å"heart† and â€Å"gut† intelligence. Utilizing all the three types of intelligence, however, promotes an increased intimacy with the material and process and helps your performance. These different types of intelligence are also transferable to a myriad of other situations, including relationships, your job, and in the pursuit of your goals. So how do you learn to use and trust your head, heart, and gut, to answer questions correctly as often as possible? Practice. First, â€Å"head† intelligence. Have you gone through the content and are you assured you’ve mastered it? If yes, move on. If not, what will it take to learn all that you need to know to get the score you need? How many medium and difficult questions must you answer correctly (assuming you get all the easy ones right should they show up) to earn the score you seek? Get some heart in the mix: set a goal and develop an action plan to actualize it. Included in the plan should be when and for how long you’ll study (keep in mind you might want to take the exam at least twice). Be aware of how long the test sections take and what this feels like. The test is a marathon, not a sprint, and the study for it should be as well. Remember: it’s not just what you know; it’s how you show up for the test. (This last point will be discussed more in part II). Finally, doing a lot of practice will allow your â€Å"gut† intelligence to kick in. You’ll start to feel the difference between a right, wrong, and a weak answer. It’s a kind of knowing that is somewhat indescribable, but you’ve likely felt it at some time – like when you â€Å"get a feeling† about something, someone or a situation. While I don’t recommend you solely rely on your gut as a test-taking default strategy, don’t be surprised when you become so aware, that you begin answering without even reading RC essays or looking at the questions in the math/quant! I’ve demonstrated this to students and now boast a near-perfect score on many Facebook tests even when I don’t know the subject matter. I have cultivated head, heart and gut intelligence and you can do it too! For best performance on the GMAT, GRE or any other high stakes test, learning to understand, identify, and integrate the three types of intelligence combined with continuous practice promotes engagement with the questions. Use of the multiple forms of intelligence makes the process more dynamic and focused and leads to more consistent performance at a higher level. ; Bara Sapir, CEO and Founder of Test Prep New York and Test Prep San Francisco, is a nationally recognized test anxiety relief expert and sought-after speaker with  over 20 years of experience.  Each year she helps hundreds of students through workshops, webinars, articles, products, and books, and works privately with a number of students. Related Resources: †¢ MBA Action Plan: 6 Steps for the 6 Months Before You Apply, a free guide †¢ GMAT MBA Admissions: True or False? †¢ 3 Tips to Reduce GMAT Test Anxiety

Anxiety Disorders And Its Effects On Children s Life

Sweaty palms, trembling hands, and a tendency to stutter are common, and are regarded as normal when students, or generally younger adults, are to give a presentation of some sort in front of a group, class, or crowd; excessive breathing issues, nausea, and adamant reluctance to even speak are not, and should not be treated as such. When the first three behaviors shift into the latter three, concern should arise in the parents or guardians of whomever the younger person is, as it is likely that their fear of social presentation could very well be something forming into a much more severe matter of worry: an anxiety disorder. As the mental development that takes place in the early years of life are pivotal to the rest of one’s overall health, issues such as anxiety disorders that are left untreated are very detrimental and can trail into adulthood as well (Children’s Mental Health - New Report). It is important for parents and guardians to be involved in their child†™s life so that they are able to recognize a severe shift in the perfectly normal, and beneficial, anxiety felt in one’s younger years to a kind that keeps the child from living their life properly and to their full potential. A common, but dangerous, mindset that some parents or guardians take on in the face of their child’s unusual levels of anxiety is one of dismissal in which they disregard the forming issue as a phase of some sort that every child must endure; however, such a belief is only partially correct.Show MoreRelatedAnxiety Is Not A New Disorder1182 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is Anxiety? We all know the feeling of anxiety. Some may not be able to distinguish it from fear. For others, it s a constant struggle that impedes almost every aspect of their lives. Anxiety is not a new disorder caused by recent advancements in technology. Rather, it’s always been with us and our psyche since our beginnings. From the times when mankind lived in caves, anxious about killing a large predator or other attacking humans. To today, anxious about finals or an upcoming deadline atRead MoreAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ( Adhd )1734 Words   |  7 Pagesissue amongst children and young adults. The physical health and the ability to perform at school, work and in society, highly depend on the mental health of an individual (Ollendick 2012). The Australian figures of a burden of the disease show that mental health problems occur in approximately 14% of young people aged 4–17 years, and 27 % in the 18–24-year-old age range. Most mental disorders, for exampl e, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD), anxiety disorder, mood disorder, psychotic disorderRead MoreStuttering Is A Communication Disorder That Involuntary Effects The Fluency Of Speech1479 Words   |  6 PagesStuttering Stuttering is a communication disorder that involuntary effects the fluency of speech. Disfluencies in speech include both â€Å"nonstuttered† and â€Å"stuttered† disfluencies. â€Å"Nonstuttered† disfluencies include interjections, revisions, phrase repetitions, and other. Everyone produces disfluencies in their speech at times making â€Å"nonstuttered† disfluencies more typical in speech. â€Å"Stuttered† disfluencies are less typical and include word repetitions, sound/syllable repetitions, prolongationsRead MoreSocial Anxiety Disorder : Social Phobia Disorder1654 Words   |  7 PagesSocial anxiety is â€Å"a fear of humiliation or of being judged by others, and an avoidance of social situations where attention centers on the individual† (Martis). According to the Social Anxiety Institute, social anxiety has become the third largest psychological disorder, following depression and alcoholism (Richards). Commonly, victims of this social phobia have problems pursuing social environments, interactions, and relationships (â€Å"Social Anxiety Disorder†). 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Factors That Influence Early Childhood Education Programs...

â€Å"Reflection on Some Major Factors That Influence Early Childhood Education Programs† The purpose of this paper is to discuss major factors that I feel influence early childhood programs toady. This paper reflects issues that I have faced during my years of teaching in early childhood as well as other issues discussed with other teachers and findings from articles on this matter. A Brief Description of Early Childhood Education â€Å"Early childhood education is a broad term used to describe any type of educational program that serves children in their preschool years, before they are of legal age to enter kindergarten. Early childhood education may consist of any number of activities and experiences designed to aid in the cognitive and social development of preschoolers before they enter elementary school. How and where early childhood education is provided can be very different from one state, or even one program, to the next. Early childhood education programs may be designed for three-, four-, or five-year olds, and they may be provided in childcare, daycare, nursery school, preschool, or pre-kindergarten settings† (http://www.preschoolteacher.org/what-is-early-childhood-education/). Budget One of the major influence in a childhood program is budget. In the area that I am currently working we have faced budget cuts from the Head Start program this year due to layoffs from our mining industry and families moving to find jobs. This year in Mingo County (where I amShow MoreRelatedThis Chapter Will Provide The Theoretical Framework For1281 Words   |  6 Pagesgrounded in several universal theories. The scope and backdrop of the research study is based on Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems theory, Epstein’s Home, School, and Community Topology and National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC) Standards for Early Childhood Professional Preparation. Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory. Most of psychological and sociological research uses Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory to understand human development within the contextRead MoreAustralian Government Policies, Initiatives And Legislative Requirements1075 Words   |  5 Pagesand legislative requirements and analyse how these documents influence curriculum, promote quality care and support the achievement of high quality outcomes for young children in Early Learning contexts. Introduction 200 words l Overview of the situation and identification of key issues. In 2012, the National Quality Framework (NQF) was introduced by the Australian Government and subsequently applied to majority of children’s education and care services. The framework is used to ensure the wellbeingRead MoreSchool Wide Achievement Effects On Children1621 Words   |  7 Pagesof early childhood education program, because that is the most critical time for your child and you want them to get a better start in school and life going forward. 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Free Enterprise and the Role of Government in America

Americans often disagree about the appropriate role of government in the economy. This is demonstrated by the sometimes inconsistent approach to regulatory policy throughout American history. As  Christoper Conte and Albert Karr point out in their volume, Outline of the U.S. Economy, the American commitment to free markets continually endured since the dawn of the 21-century, even as  Americas capitalist  economy  remained a work in progress. History of Large Government The American belief in free enterprise does not and has not precluded a major role for government. Many times, Americans have depended on the government to break up or regulate companies that appeared to be developing so much power that they could defy market forces. In general, government grew larger and intervened more aggressively in the economy from the 1930s until the 1970s.   Citizens rely on the government to address matters the private economy overlooks in sectors ranging from education to protecting the environment. Despite their advocacy of market principles, Americans have used government at times in history to nurture new industries or even to protect American companies from competition. Shift Towards Less Government Intervention But economic hardships in the 1960s and 1970s left Americans skeptical about the ability of government to address many social and economic issues. Major social programs (including Social Security and Medicare, which, respectively, provide retirement income and health insurance for the elderly) survived this period of reconsideration. But the overall growth of the federal government slowed in the 1980s. A Flexible Service Economy The pragmatism and flexibility of Americans have resulted in an unusually dynamic economy. Change has been a constant in American economic history. As a result, the once agrarian country is far more urban today than it was 100, or even 50, years ago. Services have become increasingly important relative to traditional manufacturing. In some industries, mass production has given way to more specialized production that emphasizes product diversity and customization. Large corporations have merged, split up and reorganized in numerous ways. New industries and companies that did not exist at the midpoint of the 20th-century now play a major role in the nations economic life. Employers are becoming less paternalistic, and employees are expected to be more self-reliant. Increasingly, government and business leaders emphasize the importance of developing a highly skilled and flexible workforce in order to ensure the countrys future economic success.

The Film Delicatessen A Parody Of Apocalyptic Genre

The Film â€Å"Delicatessen†: A parody of apocalyptic genre The Film â€Å"Delicatessen† is where comedy, psycho-horror, cannibalism and romance all intertwine within one another. Set in a fictional small-town post-apocalyptic France, although this film never addresses whatever political conflict or natural catastrophe might have led to this apocalypse in the first place as one critic points out (Tobias). A population is devastated by the effects of famine and must resort to rationing and, cannibalism. Circus clown Mr. Louison, who has fled from another town where people killed and ate his chimpanzee partner Livingstone, comes across a Delicatessen at the foot of a building where many boarders reside. The butcher Mr.Clapet offers him a room in return for handiwork, but his true motives are uncovered at night whenever a boarder is enticed to the dark, isolated confines of the stairwell. Apparently food has become so scarce that food has actually become a currency. Basica lly people pay for things with bags of corn or split peas†¦or human flesh. The butcher’s daughter Julie Clapet discovers feelings for Louison, and madness ensues as the two plot to escape. This paper will focus on the film as being a comedic parody of the typical apocalyptic genre. While also examining the climate change, cannibalism, collapse of political authority, and the decadence of French culture that are shown throughout the film. â€Å"Co-directors Jean-Pierre Jeunet and Marc Caro hail from an animation background,

Graduation Speech A New Year - 842 Words

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Essay on Quantitative And Qualitative Research On Research Essay Example For Students

Essay on Quantitative And Qualitative Research On Research Essay Quantitative and Qualitative Research aims at establishing new information. It is a systematic approach of collecting and interpreting information aimed at improving the knowledge base (Suanders et al: 2009, p 5). Research strategy implies a broad orientation as to how to conduct any research. According to Creswell 2004(cited in Duffy Chenail: 2008), research could be classified into quantitative research and qualitative research. At its simplest form, the former transforms human encounters into numbers while the latter transforms such experiences into words. However the difference between quantitative and qualitative research are more pronounced than just correlating to quantification. They can symbolize two discrete forms of research strategy based on the association between the theory and research, epistemological and ontological orientations. Epistemology refers to what should be considered as â€Å"acceptable knowledge† for a speciality and whether the social sciences could be researched applying the same doctrines and processes as the natural science. (Bryman Bell: 2011, p. 15), while ontology refers to the nature of existence based on the researcher’s perceptions of how the world functions and the commitment to these perspectives (Suanders et al: 2009, p 110). Quantitative research strategy emphasises on collecting and analysing numerical data using statistically valid systems which would generate measurable and if possible generalizable inferences (Anderson: 2009, p. 45). Furthermore this research demonstrates a deductive tactic to the association between theory and research. In deductive approach, a hypothesis/ hypotheses would be generated based on the association between a particular domain and the constituted theory w. .terparts. Core differences b/n the articles Research design and data collectionThe research design employed by Jacoby et al (2005) and Woywode (2002) is a comparative cross-national study. Comparative research design could support both quantitative and qualitative research. In the former, the study would involve examining specific phenomena between two or more entities and the related variables to compare their outcomes in diverse sociocultural situations using similar research methods amongst two or more countries. The purpose of such a study is to probe into similarities and dissimilarities or to establish in-depth knowledge of the social representativeness in different national settings. Here cross-sectional design format would be employed to collect data using questionnaire or structured interview. The qualitative strategy in comparative design would involve

Sample Solution on BT Telecom Management

Question: Task 1 Briefly describe your PSO Task 2 Research the PSO and conduct an environmental scanning analysis (PEST) Task 3 Using a SWOT analysis identify what opportunities should they maximise and what threats should be minimised. Task 4 From your SWOT and PEST analysis make recommendations as to what directions the PSO should take over the coming 5 years So my PSO is British Telecom(BT) Answer: Introduction BT telecom is a multinational telecommunications service providing company who is responsible for connecting the people globally by satisfying the common people needs and also providing opportunities employment to large section. Their operations are spread to approximate 180 countries .this Company is divided into two main division (a) BT global services divisions that fulfil the needs of common British people as well as people of other countries. (b) BT consumer divisions that is responsible providing television as well as telephony services. Brief history related to BT telecommunications are - It is the oldest telecommunications organisation establish in the year 1846. In the earlier year the company was amalgamated and collapsed, then this this company was started to control under the state control of Post office. In the early period the British telecommunication System was provided by the national telephonic company (NTC) which is a private company.in the year 1896, the GPO (general post office) took the control from them. In the year 1912, the GPO extended its business after becoming a monopoly and controlled the whole private sector of the UK. this system goes on till in the year 1932 , an idea is generated to convert post office into a nationalised industry .but the proposal to convert the post office into nationalised was rejected but in the year 1965 , the postmaster General of that time ,Anthony Wedgewood ask the prime minister for this conversion into national industry. after a long deliberations and long discussion the business of telecommunications was divided into 5 parts (Post, telecommunications ,Giro, National Data Processing Services, Savings).at that time it was also decided to divide the Post, telecommunications and some new laws were generated to implement some laws and in the year 1969 ,post office laws were made which results privatising of this company .In the year 1972 the main the telecommunications was separate in two main services and in two individuals corporations. Since the year 1981 the responsibility for telecommunications services was transfer from the post office to private sector unit. The sha res of about 52% were share to the private company and about48 % of shares were sold to the public and till date this organisation running under the private sector with day by day enhancing its ability to satisfies the needs of the people. In the year 1986 ,there was a new telecommunications organisation come into existence named mercury telecommunications .after it establishment the growth rate of this organisations starts declining .now there is tough competition running between them till date to provide the services to the people of UK and also the people of the other countries There are various products and services lunched by this company that are- Lines And Calls Services exchange business lines calls package lines packages value added analyses Crm- Bt Contact centre of cloud contact contact of recording and analysis Inbound services onsite contract self-service and queue management Mobility Services field force automations flexible working services managed mobility services Network Services Bt Connect access choice application performance management dedicated services internet services Security Risk Management Bt Asscess identify and access management security intelligence Supply Chain Solution Bt Track air logistic assess tracking end to end- visibility (Ref(history of British telecommunication n,d)) Research On The British Telecom Organisation And Pest Test There are different factors on which British telecommunications system depends Political factors- some of the services of the British telecommunications system like BT Global that are at vulnerable to all the global issues of politics. There are some in regions in the world like Afghan and Iraq where the expansions of this business is low. There are certain other places like Israel and Pakistan where business expansion is low due to terrorist activities. Some times this company get highlighted due to expulsion of some the good employer which force the government to am bedded certain new laws to protect the interest of the people also. The European Union doesnt more affect the business on BT Economic factors - It has been found that due to the economics crises in US is very high and thats result in affecting the growth revenue of this company and there is decrease in the financial revenue of this organisation more than 4.5%.Now a days the British telecommunication system implementing a new method for reducing its losses .This organisation now working to build new super-fast network, driving the broad band and also checking the cash flow very carefully. they also started to enhance more and more new research activities to clarify the requirement and understand the need of users in the given specific time .this company also start to implement E- business on a large scale which enables the customer of the SME sector to save the operation coasts and also some other expensive costs also. Social factors- the British Telecommunications provide a transparent impact on the social factors .it has been found that there are various festival like Olympics game and some other games Is responsible for building new brand in the SME sectors .during the time of economic crises a large number of people were helped and also employment opportunity is created on distinct level. Technological factors day by day the technology is developing fast, which results in network growth on wide range. due to the new technology ,BT is creating new and better Set Top boxes to to entertain the user network which is going to end if not implemented . Pest Analysis Of British Telecommunications Political Economical The local and national government are working to provide wide range of essential services to the local residence as well as the residence if UK on other countries with essential services. there is a large amount of pressure on the local government due to reducing the price and improving the quality of services There are some factors that are responsible for less growing of this organisation due to some political issues like less development of networking system in Pakistan, Iraq, Afghanistan Etc. . Decreasing in the revenue every year up to 6% which results in decreasing opportunities of employment in this organisation, it also results in suspendingsome number of employees every year. This company is building super -fast network for linking the UK with other countries on a large scale. this organisation facing tough competition due to the creation of new organisation like Mercury telecommunication Social Technology some festival like Olympics is creating boom to this organisation because the technology used in this festival is provided by provided by this organisation During the time of peak season these organisation provide a large number of employment ad also helping the people to link with the other countries. Due to the development of technology firstly, the network system of this organisation is also strengthened. New better set up box is created for the user for entertain which is going to end. Swot Analysis Of This Organisation SWOT refers to (strength, weakness, opportunities and threat) Strength BT is the oldest telecommunication company who provide 21 million of business and more than 30 million of exchange lines that was utilised by the residential customers and the people living throughout the world This British communication organisation has excellent reputation in all the other leading telecommunication that provides the services. Ex- these companies have the market that is extended globally over 55% of multinational 500 company and over 60% of FTSE 89 companies which are the part of BT customer database. BT is only one of the UK telecom operators that have universal service obligation (USO). the base of this organisation is strong due to continuityof long term customer makes this organisation very strong that was happened by its innovative and flexibility, this helps this organisation to gain the momentum of success inflexible is the main weakness of BT Since BT is a large organisation, the work that is done in this organisation is step by step as a result of which quickly change in operation is not possible. The Reputation of this organisation is going down day by day because the internet service of this organisation is crashed after a long time used and they require a large amount of time for reconnection. BT home hub WI-FI security is easy to crack with the help of certain keys like WEP (wired equivalent privacy) and WPA (WI-FI protected access) that are default keys. The BTs success rate is so slow that they are not recruiting much workers and trainer staff quickly. The Experts and the great businessman predicts thats the company has very high potential of growth in 5 years Now a days due to high current recessions people are more specifically as the customer and businesses are mostly cost- conscious. There are a more chances of its growth because the new company have lots of threat which provide an opportunity to spread is telecommunications system even bigger than internationally as well as nationally. BT is very much famous in Europe which results in spreading its business all over the world Day by day, new product is developed by this organisation, which lets him to increase is business on larger extent.ex- it is quite helpful in increasing the cell phone by the use of internet Since the competition is increasing day by day, the share of this company is decreasing day by day .so it is getting quite difficult for this organisation to make large amount of money. Earlier till the mercury communications is not come into existence in the year 1981, there was no competition for this organisation and got boom increase before 1981. Due to the tough competition, BT has to improve their products to keep its old customer in their hand and they also need some of the customer from the mercury communications which is quite higher. Now a day, the customers of this organisation is started to decrease due to the excess use mobiles phones and decreasing the rate of use of landlines. Some of the new launched company like Virgin which affects very much in its expansion because this companies maximize the uses of mobile phone that is responsible for decreasing the use of landlines. Ref ((British telecommunication information proposal system)n.d) Recommendation From the Swot analyses and the pert analyses it is seen that the companys growth will increased after 5 years only when The companies has to be work hard for remaining in the market because day by day the competition is increased which will create harsh condition for this organisation. New products are required to be launched with improved features so that they can sustain in the market. The cost of the product and services launched in the market should be minimised so that the common people can also takes the advantages of facilities provided by this organisation The client and service provider should have to be working together and spread the business to remains in the market after 5 years. The employment opportunity should be increased so that the fresh energetic mind can perform the research work and create new ideas for the better development of this organisation .this organisation work efficiently to keep their old customer in hand and satisfied the demands of new customer at low rate which enhance its productivity. Conclusion In this report the organisation with brief history is described clearly. The pest analysis and swot analysis is done clearly with complete evidence of the organisation. The recommendation is made clearly showing the things that is required to enhance and certain work is needed to minimise so that the company will protect its share and its organisation after 5 years. References history of British telecommunications n.d(viewed on 17th june 2015)( https://www.referenceforbusiness.com/history2/85/British-Telecommunications-plc.html) British telecommunications information proposal systemn.d viewed on(17th june)( https://www.ukessays.co.uk/essays/business/british-telecommunications-group-information-system-proposal.php )ther ) Pdf file of history n.d (viewed on 17th June 2015)( https://www.btplc.com/Thegroup/BTsHistory/History_of_BT.pdf) BT group ,risk factor viewed on 17th June 2015)( https://www.btplc.com/report/risk.shtml ) policy factors, communications and telecomomms 5/8/2015 https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/2010-to-2015-government-policy-communications-and-telecomms/2010-to-2015-government-policy-communications-and-telecomms )

The Top 10 Topics For Macroeconomics Research Paper Topics

The Top 10 Topics For Macroeconomics Research Paper TopicsWhen it comes to the most popular macroeconomics research paper topics, the top five are sometimes surprising. And some of the top ten have been researched by both students and professors for years. So while it's very important to be familiar with what the top topics in the field are, you should also be aware of the top ten in the realm of economics.One of the most intriguing items in the list of macroeconomics research paper topics is 'The Ownership of Rising Incomes.' This may seem like a somewhat strange topic to explore, but a lot of economists have looked at whether college graduates who move from a lower-income to a higher-income family would experience a significant change in their long-term economic outlook. The result of this research, which was just released recently, suggests that there are benefits to being a college graduate who moves from a lower income to a higher income.Another surprising item on the list is 'T he Interplay of Macroeconomic and Microeconomic Theory.' This will give you some background on the intersection of the two disciplines. You may think that this is not a topic that you want to spend too much time on, but there are some very interesting results to be discovered in this area. For example, the effect of macroeconomic shocks on home prices can lead to some strange results.'The Relationship between Microeconomic Theory and Microeconomic Policy' is probably the most fascinating topic in the top ten. It involves the relationship between macroeconomic policy and microeconomic theory. If you find that this is something that interests you, then this is the subject for you.Another interesting area that you may want to consider when looking for research papers is 'Review of Financial Economics,' which will give you an overview of macroeconomics. While you can't do any actual research on this topic, you will learn a lot about how economics is taught in the different schools and c olleges. This is a very broad topic, so you can expect to spend a good deal of time on this topic if you want to choose a macroeconomics research paper topic.'Economic Growth' is one of the top macroeconomics research paper topics that will give you some background on the economics of growth. There is also a topic called 'Economic Growth: Theoretical and Empirical Perspectives.' While this is not a research paper in the traditional sense, it will give you a good understanding of how economic growth is measured in the field. You may even find that you like this topic.If you're interested in the work that is done by individual entrepreneurs and business owners, then you should look into the topic of 'The Role of Entrepreneurship in Economic Growth.' There is also a 'Theory of Entrepreneurship: Theory and Applications' research paper, which will give you a good idea of how entrepreneurs are measured in the field. Finally, there is the 'The Role of Business Ownership in Economic Growth' research paper, which may be of interest to you.You can find a lot of microeconomic theory in the top ten of topics for macroeconomics research paper topics. You can also find a variety of topics that describe the ways in which we measure economic growth and how that plays out in the real world. So the next time you're reviewing topics for your own research paper, you may want to consider looking into these topics.

Aviation Topics Research Paper

Aviation Topics Research PaperDo you think that you have enough research to make a good Aviation Topics Research Paper? Do you think you can manage it all by yourself? If so, you are mistaken. It is just too much work, especially when you cannot afford to hire a good writer.As mentioned above, many college students are now writing their research papers as part of their college requirements. This is because it is easier to write than to do research. Students who are into it do not have to work hard at studying and can spend more time in the subject.A research paper is supposed to be factual, relevant and complete. A good aviation topics research paper does all of these things, but the devil is in the details. The details are the ones that most people avoid.You need to include enough information for your readers to understand and yet, it needs to be brief enough to allow them to understand without going on too long. There are ways to make this possible. We will look at these below.The first thing to remember is that you must give your readers a proper amount of information. This means that you need to provide enough text, enough photographs and enough diagrams. Do not go overboard with these. Give your readers an adequate amount but give them something that is worth reading.Another thing to remember is that short paragraphs are always better than long ones. When you want to explain something, use short paragraphs. No one wants to read long paragraphs that take up half of the paper. The reader knows they need to skim through your paper and look for key points, and you need to tell them why they should read the rest of your paper.Remember that your research paper is supposed to be about something. If you don't tell your readers what it is, they will not be able to find it. Therefore, it is important to keep your research brief, concise and to the point.These are just some of the tips that you need to remember when writing your Aviation Topics Research Paper. Keep i n mind that it will take you a lot of time and effort to write a well-written paper. You can learn about how to do it yourself.

How Can Alternative Sources of Energy Be Harnessed Essay Example

How Can Alternative Sources of Energy Be Harnessed Essay How can alternative sources of energy be harnessed effectively? Written by Jill (Huimei ZHOU) Nowadays, there are more and more alternative sources of energy for people to use. But in order to harness these alternative sources of energy effectively, different countries take different actions based on their own natural resources. This essay will show that how to make full use of energy from different countries viewpoints. Undenied, many years ago, a lot of countries just use the fossil fuels to supply the energy that the whole city needs, but now the sources of energy are more than before, such as solar energy and biomass. So in this case, many countries try them best to harness the renewable energy to reduce the dependence on the traditional energy. Over the last five years, many European countries have increased their reliance on wind farms and hydroelectric dams because of more expensive fossil fuels. For example, in Sweden, the city Kristiantad is looking into building satellite biogas plants for outlying areas and expanding its network of underground biogas pipes to allow the construction of more filling stations. [1] Besides the European countries, the United States also makes some measures to control the renewable energy more effectively. According to the Environmental Protection Agency, the United Sates need to spend about 8000 US farms on installing biomass plants. [2] In order to cut down costs, a number of states and companies are considering new investments or programs. They hope to build plants in Calnifornia to turn organic waste from farms and gas from water treatment plants into biogas. [3] Because of less natural energy and more expensive fees, this way can help the whole state to meet requirements. We will write a custom essay sample on How Can Alternative Sources of Energy Be Harnessed specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on How Can Alternative Sources of Energy Be Harnessed specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on How Can Alternative Sources of Energy Be Harnessed specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Above on these countries methods, we can clearly see that different countries have different environments and situations. So if a country want to harness alternative sources of energy, they should make more reasonable policies depending on their real conditions, which will be more useful. Reference: [1]Using waste, Swedish city cuts its fossil fuel use[1], Source Book, Paragraph 3. [2]Using waste, Swedish city cuts its fossil fuel use[1], Source Book, Paragraph 4. [3]Using waste, Swedish city cuts its fossil fuel use[1], Source Book, Paragraph 4.

Lumping and Splitting Essay Writing - What Is It?

Lumping and Splitting Essay Writing - What Is It?A lumping and splitting essay are based on an individual's situation and personality. Lumping and splitting allow for the writer to have a more balanced story that highlights how their situation has changed them in a positive way. It can be a way for the individual to convey their feelings and express their ability to handle these changes.The writing of this type of essay is about the reader. It is the best way to create an outline of how this person came to be where they are. From this premise, the essay is based on their circumstances and their personal experiences. The more personal the statement, the more impact it will have on the reader.The writing of this type of essay can be one of the most challenging parts in it because you want to express how this person has come to the current situation as it is now. But, it is also very important to keep in mind that you do not want to sound pushy or put them in a certain place of thinking . It needs to be so that the essay is balanced to allow the person to change with the situations.You can have two people write a similar piece of essay but it will give the essay that personal touch that the original had. This can be done by having an editor or a senior who will add details that can enhance the essay. It is not necessary to hire an editor to edit this kind of writing. You just need to edit it yourself. However, if you hire an editor, he will be able to advise you as to what type of line you should use and how to format the essay properly.Writing this type of essay is about recognizing what has happened to the individual and how this has changed him. What you need to do is to highlight the strengths and weaknesses that make up the character. This essay is also about the writing from your point of view so do not try to think too much or be too emotional when writing this.Lumping and splitting essay writing can be used as a way to convey the thought that the individual has about themselves. In this case, it is the part of the essay that is in the beginning that the writer should focus on. Make sure to include all of the facts about the situation. Be creative and interesting. Give the reader a taste of how their life will be after reading this.Make sure that you are not overly emotional while writing this. Emotions can make the readers feel as if the writer is trying to make them feel a certain way and makes them feel they need to agree with what the writer is saying. Avoid this at all costs. As mentioned before, you can hire an editor for this type of writing.

Disadvantages of Information Technology Essay Example

Disadvantages of Information Technology Essay Example Disadvantages of Information Technology Essay Disadvantages of Information Technology Essay Keep in mind that Isonaizd(INH) is the established treatment for preventive therapy , and the usual regimen is up to 300mg daily for adults. You can keep pts on for 6 months or 12 months with a positive CXR. Always give vitB6 when treating pts with INH. If there is a suspected resistance then use Rifampin (RIF) alone or in combo with the said INH. How do we treat current CLASSES III IV diseases. The first line medications are used in combinations since these tend to delay the development of resistance and to enhance activity. INH(p. o. or IM) 300mg. nhibits synthesis of mycolic acid in the bacterial cell wall thus making it easy to kill the organism in the dividing stage. The drug is however, bacteriostatic for the bacilli in the stationary phase. The drug is metabolized by N-acetyl transferase. Some of side effects include paresthesia, fever, convulsions, hepatotoxic, optic neuritis and Hemolysis in G6PD deficient pts. High level resistance involves deletion in the katG gene that c odes for catalase, and low-level resistance involves deletions in the inhA gene that codes for the target acyl carrier protein. Keep in mind that genotypic variability exists with FAST ACETYLATORS needing high doses of INH. Remember for the boards that Vit B6 will offset the neurotoxicity. RIFAMPIN(RIF) GOOD against Mycobacterium tuberculosis very bacteriocidal against it. Also against M. leprae. Can be used prophylactically in meningitis. The drug suppress the initial step of RNA synthesis by inhibiting DNA dependent RNA polymerase, and resistance occurs via change in polymerase sensitivity to inhibition. The drug undergoes hepatic metabolism to red-orange colored metabolites. So let the patient know that the urine and feces will be red-orange in color. Nausea ,vomiting, rashes, fever, jaundice and flu like symptoms with high doses. This drug will reduce the efficacy of anticonvulsants,contraceptive steroids and warfarin so take note for your boards and clinical treatment. PYRAZINAMIDE(PZA): Good for short term use and initial therapy with INH and RIF. The precise target of this drug is not well understood. Works well when bacteria is dividing very bacteriocidal at that point. The drug requires bioactivation. Can cause gouty attacks, liver dysfunction, phototoxicity, hyperuricemia, exacerabation of porphryia, polyarthralgia. ETHAMBUTOL(EMB): Great against M. tuberculosis and kansasii. The drug inhibits synthesis of arabinogalactan a component of mycobacterial cell wall. The side effects are dose dependent, and most common are optic neuritis,and gout. So we have looked at the first line drugs for treating TB, but keep in mind that daily intake of Alcohol increases the risk of hepatitis in patients on INH. In females on oral contraceptives increase the dosages or change to another form of contraceptive. RIF will also decrease methadone activity in pts on it so increase the methadone dosage by 50% . In treating pregnant patients the initial combination should be INH, RIF and EMB along with B6. Do not use PZA it is TERATOGENIC, do not use STREPTOMYCIN also will cause deafness. In fact let me mention some antibiotics to be AVOIDED IN PREGNANCY. : Aminoglycosides – ototoxic in developing fetus, Clarithromycin-embryotoxic Erythromycin estolate- increases incidence of cholestasis in the pregnant patient. Fluoroquinolones- deleterious effect on collagen metabolism Tetracyclines- interfere with bone and tooth formation via calcium chelation Sulfonamides- not to be used in third trimester can displace bilirubin from plasma proteins in the fetus and neonate causing KERNICTERUS. Metronidazole – mutagenic. OK let me get back to TB treatment. The second line drugs are Aminosalicylic acid, Ethionamide, Cycloserene, Streptomycin, ciprofloxacin, Oflofloxacin, Kanamycin or Capreomycin Amniosalicyclic acid: This is a bacteriostatic drug used in the treatment of TB and has good distribution but is not seen in the CSF. It is a competitive inhibitor of PABA in folate synthesis, and is eliminated in the urine. So do not use in patients with renal failure. However, the drug has been associated with causing HYPOTHYROIDISM, acute hemolytic anemia and GI distress. If used with ethionamide can become hepatotoxic. P. O. Ethionamide – This is a structural analog of INH and inhibits acetylation of INH. The drug is seen IN CSF However, the mechanism of action is not quite clear but it is known to cause peripheral neuropathies, GI distress, optic neuritis and is hepatototoxic. The drug is excreted in the urine and has a metallic taste. P. O. Cycloserine This tuberculostatic and its mechanism of action is unknown you never use it alone. Do not use it in pts with epilepsy since it will exacerbate the condition. The main side effect is peripheral neuropathies , Headaches, psychosis,depression so you can appreciate its CNS effects . nd it is excreted in the urine. P. O. Streptomycin – This was actually the first antibiotic that was used effectively to treat TB given IM but cause hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, auditory and renal toxicity. You can now understand why it is no longer a first line drug due to the side effects. Ciprofloxacin – P. O. I have already discussed this . Oflofloxacin – P. O. similar in action to Ciprofloxacin Kanamycin )IV, IM, Both of these drugs are useful but their side effects include auditory, vestibular Capreomycin)IV, IM, and renal toxicity. Hypokalema and eosinophilia. Let us now shift to the attention to antibiotics that inhibit bacterial wall synthesis. These agents that attack the bacterial cell wall in order to be maximally effective require actively proliferating organisms because they have little effect on organisms that are not growing. The B-Lactams are the most important for this activity and these are the PENICILLINS. Their mechanism of action is to interfere with the LAST STEP OF PEPTIDOGLYCAN SYNTHESIS .. The antibiotics will bind to and inactivate proteins present on the bacterial cell membrane. Thus morphological changes or lysis of susceptible bacteria will occur. There is also inhibition of the transpeptidase step, thus hindering the formation of the crosslinks essential for cell wall integrity. So cell wall synthesis is blocked. What will accumulate in the bacteria are the â€Å"PARK PEPTIDE† (UDP-acetylmuramyl-L-Ala-D-Gln-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala) . The natural Penicillins are G and V. Pen G is used in infections caused by Gm + and Gm – cocci, Gm + bacilli and spirochetes. This is less acid stable and is given IV or IM. Great for syphilis, gonorrhea and Pneumococcal pneumonia. Pen V is similar to Pen G but is given P. O. and is more acid stable than Pen G. Never use Pen V to treat septicemia. Keep in mind that B-lactamase bacteria are resistant to the the drug. Oh let me mention this in passing one of the ways to prevent GONOCOCCAL OPHTHALMIA in newborns where the mother has gonorrhea is by the use of SILVER NITRATE DROPS in the eyes. ANTISTAPHYLOCOCCAL PENICILLINS- Methicillin, nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin these are penicillinase resistant penicillins. Their use is usually restricted in treating infections caused by penicillinase-producing staphylococci. Keep in mind that METHICILLIN RESISTANT STRAINS are usually susceptible to Vancomycin, rifampin, ciprofloxacin, or imipenem/cilastatin. EXTENDED SPECTRUM PENICILLINS:- Ampicillin and Amoxicillin. These are less potent than Pen G against Gm+ and Gm- cocci. However, ampicillin is the drug of choice against Gm+ Bacillus. We are now beginning to see resistance to these antibiotics so you can add a beta-lactamase inhibitor such as CLAVULANIC ACID or SULBACTAM so as to protect the penicillins from enzymatic action. ANTIPSEUDOMONAL PENICILLINS: Carbenicillin, ticarcillin, piperacillin are useful in pseudomonal infections, and of the three piperacillin is the most potent. Combining ticarcillin with clavulanic acid will give you a broader spectrum so you get more bang for your buck. PENICILLINS AND AMINOGLYCOSIDES: The antibacterial effects of B-lactam antibiotics are synergistic with the aminoglycosides but NEVER! NEVER! Place both of them in the same INFUSION FLUID because the positively charged aminoglycosides will form an INACTIVE COMPLEX with the negatively charged penicillins. Some basic rules of administration: Methicillin, ticarcilloin, carbenicillin, meziocillin,piperacillin, azocillin and ampicillin plus sulbactam must be given IV or IM. You can get Pen V or Amoxicillin combined with Clavulanic acid P. O. There is a REPOSITORY or DEPOT form of penicillin and this is PROCAINE PENICILLIN G and BENZATHTHINE PENICILLIN G they are given IM and are slowly absorbed into the circulation. As a rule most of the penicillins are incompletely absorbed after p. o administration but they reach the intestine in sufficient amounts. However, AMOXICILLIN is almost completely absorbed. THUS it is not appropriate therapy for SALMONELLA derived enteritis. Since effective levels do not reach the organism in the intestinal crypts. Food will impede ALL PENICILLINASE RESISTANT PENICILLINS therefore they should be taken 30 – 60 minutes before meals or 2 – 3 hours after meals. Be reminded that other penicillins are less affected by food. Primary route of excretion via kidneys. The drug PROBENICID will inhibit secretion of penicillins. Adverse reactions include hypersensitivity, diarrhea, nephritis(seen more with methicillin), neurotoxic so be careful with the EPILEPTIC patient. Platelet dysfunction, (seen more with ticarcillin and carbenicillin) NEXT STOP CEPHALOSPORINS. These are B-lactam antibiotics and are closely related to penicillins structurally and functionally, and have the same mode of action and mechanism of resistance as the penicillins, but tend to be more resistant than the penicillins to B-Lactamase. Cephalosporins have been classified as first, second, third and fourth generations largely on the basis of bacterial susceptibility patterns and resistance to B-lactamases. Clinical uses vary depending on the generation of the drug. First Gen: Cefazolin, cephalexin, cefadroxil – great for Gm+ cocci, E. coli, Klebsiella pneumonae, and some proteus species. Also Penicillin G resistant staph. Second Gen: cefotetan, cefaclor, cefoxitin useful against Gm- bacilli, including B. fragilis(cefotetan) H. influenza, enterobacter aerogenes, neisseria species and Moraxella catarrhalis. Third Gen: Many Gm= and Gm- cocci and Gm- bacilli including B-lactamase forming strains. Ceftazidime (Pseudomonas), ceftizoxime (anerobes), ceftriaxone and cefixime(gonococci), cefotaxamine(antagonizes Vit K), cefoperazole,moxalactam. Fourth Gen: Cefipime This drug combines the Gm+ activity of the first generation with the Gm- activity of the third generation drugs. Please keep in mind that cephalosporins have some limitations: a. The third and fourth generations have a wide spectrum of antibacterial action that includes many significant pathogens. b. There are gaps in the antibacterial activity of cephalosporins c. None of the cephalosporins have clinically useful activity in the treatment of infections caused by methicillin resistant staphylococci, Listeria species, enterococci or â€Å"atypical† organisms such as Mycoplasma pneumonae and Chlamydia. The mechanism of action similar to Penicillins, and the mechanisms of resistance are essentially the same as those for penicillin. All cephalosporins except CEFADROXIL, CEPHRADINE(1st), CEFACLOR(2ND), and CEFIXIME(3rd) must be administered via IV. Due to poor oral absorption. All of them distribute very well into the body fluids but only with the 3rd gen you get adequate levels in the CSF especially with CEFOTAXAMINE which isused to treat meningitis caused by H. influenza. Elimination of cephalosporins is by tubular secretion and or glomerular filtration. Thus dosage must be adjusted in pts with renal failure. However, Cefoperazone and Ceftriaxone are EXCRETED THRU BILE into the FECES, and can be used in pts with renal insufficiency. Among the side effects of cephalosporins are allergic manifestations in that 15% of individuals allergic to penicillins will show cross-sensitivity whereas the allergic reactions to cephalosporins is 1 2%. There is a disulfiram-like EFFECT when CEFAMANDOLE, CEFOPERAZONE and MOXALACTAM are ingested with alcohol or alcohol-containing medications. These drugs will block the second step in alcohol oxidation which results in accumulation of acetaldehyde. In fact these same three drugs can also cause bleeding because of anti-vit K effects. So give Vit K to correct the problem of bleeding. Let us look at the other B-Lactam antibiotics. CARBAPENEMS- These are IV drugs which are eliminated via the kidneys so you have to reduce the dosage in renal dysfunction patients. The carbipenems are IMIPENEM and MEROPENEM, and they are bacteriocidal and have a wide activity against Gm+ and Gm- bacteria including anerobes. Very good in Empiric therapy pending lab results. Imipenem is used with CILASTATIN which blocks its metabolism by renal dihydropeptidases. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, skin rashes and seizures are among the adverse effects. MONOBACTAMS AZTREONAM is capable of disrupting cell wall synthesis but has a narrow spectrum and cannot be used alone in empiric therapy. It is resistant to B- lactamases. Used IM or IV and is excreted in the urine so it can accumulate in pts with renal problems. However, the drug is relatively non toxic although it can cause phlebitis, skin rash and occasionally abnormal liver function tests. This is a safe alternative for treating patients allergic to penicillin. B-Lactamase Inhibitors. Clavulanic acid, sulbactam. These protect penicillin derivatives from enzymatic inactivation by B-lactamases. Note ; clavulanic acid alone barely has antibacterial activity. We now arrive at the big gun, VANCOMYCIN a bacteriocidal wall inhibitor of glycosylation ractions by binding to the D-Ala-D-Ala terminal of the peptide chains of peptidoglycans. Resistance involves decreased binding of the drug via replacement of the terminal D-Ala-by D-lactate. It is used mainly for severe infections caused by methicillin resistant staph, pseudomembraneous colitis caused by C. difficile, allergies to penicillin,used prophylactically in dental patients with prosthetic heart valves. Resistrance rarely occurs with it, and slow IV infusion is used to treat systemic infections. Drug is excreted via glomerular filtration. The side effects are serious ; dose-related ototoxicity is associated with serum levels above 80ug/ml. Nephrotoxicity may occur in some pts, fever, chills or phlebitis can occur at the site of infusion. Shock has occurred in pts when infusion is rapid. Rashes may be seen in chronic administration. I want you to remember this for the boards if a pt has ANTIBIOTIC –INDUCED COLITIS give VANCOMYCIN p. o. since it is not absorbed after oral administration.

Gun control memo Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Gun control memo - Essay Example As such, this brief analysis will seek to consider the debate from the perspective of the pro-gun control movement. In such a way, it will be the express goal of this author to relate to the reader some of the most powerful arguments in favor of further gun control and the rationale behind these (Winkler 41-43). The first, and perhaps most contentious of the issues that this analysis will seek to discuss, is the issue of whether or not the Second Amendment to the United States Constitution sought to convey individual gun rights to the citizen. Although the law has long been interpreted to mean just this, the fact of the matter is that when one reads the Second Amendment from a literalist perspective, it is quite clear that the Second Amendment is speaking to the needs of the states and individual regions of the newly formed United States to form a militia as a means of protecting the Republic (Egendorf 54). In such a way, the Second Amendment can and should be interpreted as little more than admission from the Federal government that it promises not to infringe upon the rights of the militias (National Guard and Army Reserves) to maintain a stock of weaponry for the purpose of defense and securing the borders of the new nation (Lott 32). This particular argument hinges upon interpretation o f the Constitution; one of the most contested documents within the political spectrum. However, from a rhetorically honest standpoint, the text of the bill specifies specifically what it denotes; i.e. the right of the states and by extension the militias under their control to retain weapons. In short, such argument is valid; however, it cannot be used to engage those members of the pro-gun persuasion because they have almost invariably chosen to interpret the document by a wholly different standard (Winkler 12). The second argument, which will be utilized